READINGS
in Independent Living

ORCA: Outdoor Recreation and Community Access

2001
by Joan Herbage O’Keefe
Introduction

Only a handful of centers for independent living across the country offer a recreation program as an integral part of their service array. One center, located in the temperate rainforest of Southeast Alaska, took the plunge and did just that. Now consumers are kayaking among icebergs, growing tomatoes in the city owned greenhouse, cutting turns down the ski slope, attending the symphony and accessing the community as never before. Consumer satisfaction is soaring. And the center is reaping a myriad of exciting benefits.

ORCA, Outdoor Recreation and Community Access, was established in Juneau as a joint effort between Challenge Alaska (a therapeutic recreation program based in Anchorage, Alaska) and Southeast Alaska Independent Living Inc. (SAIL Inc). Initially the program was a Challenge Alaska satellite office housed within SAIL Inc. After three years, ORCA became an official program of SAIL Inc. Today ORCA is the biggest and arguably the most successful program at the center.

ORCA offers year-round recreation opportunities to people of all ages and many disabilities. This past year, ORCA served 122 unduplicated participants throughout Southeast Alaska, offering more than 200 one-day activities. The program also works with dozens of generic community recreation providers to increase accessibility and tear down the physical and attitudinal barriers to full inclusion.ORCA activities run the full spectrum from high adventure to community inclusion activities. High adventure activities include an adaptive ski program, sea kayaking, hiking, archery, rafting and multi-day wilderness adventures. Community access activities include a city league bowling team, community service projects and attendance at cultural events. ORCA offers therapeutic gardening, programs for school-age youth, a transition program for youth 18-24 years old and collaborative activities with Juneau Alliance for Mental Health, the Pioneer Home and the Juneau Senior Center.

Need

Recreation is a vital element for quality of life for all people, regardless of ability or disability. Independence and choice is a right that should extend beyond the workplace and into all aspects of peoples' lives--including leisure and recreation.

In a comprehensive study by the Division of Vocational Rehabilitation/Institute of Social and Economic Research, recreation ranked fifth in importance of need by Alaskans with disabilities. This need is not specific to Alaskans. The National Organization on Disability/Lou Harris & Associates Survey of Americans with Disabilities addresses the need for recreation services. The survey, released in 1998, states that “69% of adults with disabilities say that their disability prevents them in some way from getting around, attending cultural or sports events, or socializing with friends outside their home as much as they would like to....” Obviously, recreation is an area that consumers themselves see as an important, integral element in their lives.

Consistency with IL Philosophy

At a conference last spring, an individual stopped me in the hall and asked, “How can your center justify putting precious resources into recreation? It's not a core service.” I maintain that our center's recreation program embodies all four core services. Additionally, the regulations for the Rehabilitation Act of 1998 (34C.F.R. Section 385.4 (2001)) identify “individual and group social and recreational services” among the independent living services that may be included in a center’s service array--beyond the four core services.

Information and Referral (I&R) The busiest phones at SAIL, without a doubt, are in the recreation office. “The school picnic is at Sandy Beach. What do you know about all-terrain wheelchairs? How can I try one?” “I'd love to bowl again but I don't have the strength to hold the ball anymore. What equipment is available?” “Can you sign me up for your wildlife cruise? Is it true that the bathrooms are accessible?” “What literature do you have for my staff on disability etiquette?” I&R thrives through the recreation program.

IL Skills Training Under the umbrella of “recreation,” the ORCA staff teach a wide variety of independent living skills. The examples are many and varied. A consumer expressed interest in joining a city league bowling team. He identified transportation as a barrier. At first an ORCA staff member worked one-on-one with the consumer. They studied the bus schedule and rode the bus together for three evenings. The consumer's confidence built and by the fourth session only a reminder call took place. By the sixth week, the consumer was riding the bus independently and throwing strikes and spares on Tuesday nights in the city league.

The ORCA program also offers several youth programs. The transition program, for youth 18-24 years old, focuses on developing the individual's own recreational interests. Transportation, budgeting, time management, communication skills and a wide gamut of IL skills are explored under the guise of recreation.

The ORCA staff taught a consumer who is blind and his wife who is deaf to sea kayak. The couple grew confident in their skills after several outings and purchased their own double kayak. The two now venture into the wilds of Alaska independently in their double sea kayak.

Peer Counseling ORCA offers a youth program for 8-12 year olds, another for youth in middle school and high school, the transition program for youth 18-24 and a Healthy Choices program for people of all ages. Programs are consumer driven and provide a forum for peers to engage one another on a wide variety of topics.

Individual and Systems Advocacy ORCA staff provide disability awareness and etiquette trainings free of charge to recreation providers throughout our region. Staff advocate on behalf of consumers for accessibility, accommodations and ADA compliance. Additionally, staff members participate on a number of local boards (i.e., inter-agency, Parks and Recreation, Community Schools). This is an ideal forum from which to launch some of the goals and objectives that are related to recreational needs of Alaskans with disabilities and to advocate for both attitudinal and physical barrier removal.

Outcomes

Southeast Alaska Independent Living Center's recreation program, ORCA, has brought about a myriad of exciting outcomes, some expected and some not.

ORCA has proven to be a “hook” that attracts new consumers to the center. For most consumers, ORCA is his or her first contact with independent living programs. More than half of the consumers at our center are involved in the recreation program in one capacity or another. Through the recreation program, individuals gain exposure to independent living philosophy and knowledge of other CIL programs and services. Many referrals have blossomed through this relationship.

The ORCA program is also a natural collaborative conduit for networking with service providers, community and government organizations. This has proven to be another mechanism for getting information about CIL services out to the community, has increased referrals and has strengthened resources through collaboration and in-kind donations.

ORCA's collaborative efforts extend to area nursing homes. A few residents participate in ORCA's community outings and therapeutic gardening program. ORCA staff members have developed a rapport with the nursing home staff. This collaborative relationship provides access to residents and opportunities to discuss home and community based options.

Although CILs can do amazing work and make real and significant impact on peoples lives, centers are often not as visible in their communities as they would like to be. The media, the press and the average person on the street often don't hear about what a center has to offer. At our center, the recreation program is the most visible of all programs and services. Consumers, staff and volunteers are skiing and snowboarding, cooking meals at a homeless shelter, attending the Nutcracker, organizing fundraisers and teaching disability etiquette to tour operators aboard a 65' catamaran.

As a result, ORCA frequently garners positive images and stories in the press and on local radio programs. Every summer the recreation program offers multi-day hiking, camping and kayaking trips in the Alaska wilderness. One such trip, an arduous 33-mile expedition along the world-renowned Chilkoot Trail, follows in the footsteps of the turn-of-the-century gold rush stampeders. Hiking enthusiasts from around the world flock to the area for the history, beauty and challenge. The challenge is so great that four parties of hikers (not from the ORCA group!) were airlifted off the trail the week of our trip for medical emergencies. The ORCA group--a consumer blinded in a bear attack in his youth, a woman with severe autism, a young man with pronounced fetal alcohol syndrome, two consumers with developmental delay, two staff and one volunteer--were greeted with admiration as they conquered the Chilkoot. People to this day debate whether or not Lee was the first blind man to successfully reach the summit. Local media picked up the story and ran front-page coverage.

Costs

How does a CIL offset the costs of running a recreation program? Our center got creative, piece-mealing operational costs from a wide variety of sources. SAIL's recreation program receives approximately 20% of the annual budget through fees for service, 17% through fundraising events, 20% from in-kind donations and corporate donations, and the remaining 43% pieced together through various grants.

Fees for service can take a variety of forms. Participant fees are one such avenue. The ORCA program charges nominal fees for recreation opportunities and transportation. The philosophy is that recreation costs--and has an inherent value--for everyone, whether you have a disability or not. Scholarships and a sliding scale are available. Other fees for service include simple contracts negotiated with local care provider agencies and a vendor agreement with the Department of Vocational Rehabilitation. ORCA is authorized to provide therapeutic recreation, independent living skills and job placement assistance to DVR clients who are referred by their counselors.

Fundraising can take many forms. ORCA hosts an Autumn Auction, a Ski-a-thon pledge drive and a wildlife cruise donated by Allen Marine, a sightseeing and ship building enterprise. SAIL staff and board members are discussing new fundraising ideas. A Native American button blanket, crafted and donated by an appreciative consumer, has sparked interest in a raffle. In Alaska, a raffle necessitates obtaining a gaming permit. A multi-sport race (skiing, running, kayaking) is also receiving serious consideration.

In-kind donations are invaluable and can take many forms. Volunteerism (ORCA uses approximately 75 community volunteers annually), parking, lift passes at the Eaglecrest Ski Area, facility rent at the City-owned greenhouse, equipment storage, training, and the donation of other goods and services are vital to the program and substantially stretch available dollars.

Another cost-saving measure is to hire a volunteer from one of the many sponsoring organizations across the country. Vistas, Mennonites, AmeriCorps and Jesuit Volunteers are just a few examples. Our center contracts with the Jesuit Volunteer Corps (JVC) Northwest, headquartered in Portland, Oregon. After an application process, the JVC matches a volunteer to the ORCA Activity Coordinator job description. ORCA, in turn, interviews and accepts or denies the placement. If all parties agree to the placement, the volunteer soon begins a year of service. All costs combined (health insurance, placement fees, room and board, stipend, travel), SAIL pays less than half of the expense of a comparable employee.

It used to be that grants for therapeutic recreation were hard to come by. Although grant opportunities are far from prolific, the number of opportunities is increasing as “quality of life” begins to take its rightful place as a valued element to the human experience. In some cases, existing grants can be amended to add recreation goals and program costs. SAIL receives Part B and Part C funds. Both sources now have funds identified for the recreation program. A Department of Transportation Coordinated Transportation grant was used to purchase a 13-passenger accessible van. A City of Juneau Youth Activity Grant defrays some of the cost associated with ORCA’s youth programs. An Alaska Mental Health Trust offsets costs of the Healthy Choices program. Negotiated pass-through grants from the State of Alaska Department of Developmental Disabilities provide additional recreation services to consumers and training to recreation providers. Two highly competitive rounds of Federal recreation grants have also hit the streets the last few years.

Conclusion

Recreation has been identified as an important, integral element in the lives of all people, regardless of ability or disability. To address this need, Southeast Alaska Independent Living (SAIL) Inc. broke the traditional CIL mold and seven years ago added a recreation program to their service array. Outdoor Recreation and Community Access (ORCA) was born. The program is consistent with independent living philosophy, attracts new consumers to the center, enhances collaboration and networking among agencies, brings positive and increased visibility to the center, and most importantly, addresses a need voiced by consumers. Why not consider adding a recreation program to your service array? The benefits just might surprise you.

Contact Information

ORCA
SAIL, Inc.
3225 Hospital Drive
Juneau, AK 99801
(907) 586-4920 (voice/TTY)
(907) 586-4980 (Fax)
orcasail@gci.net

About the Author

Joan Herbage O’Keefe became the executive director of Southeast Alaska Independent Living Inc. (SAIL) this last spring after four years as the program director of SAIL’s therapeutic recreation program (ORCA). Joan, her husband and grandson live aboard their 42' boat, the MV Quality Time, in Juneau, Alaska.

 

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